Today, IT functions have become indispensable for organizations of all sizes, including small to medium businesses that may not have initially anticipated dealing with IT-related matters or ever having an IT department.

What Is the IT Department and What Does it Do?

As technology continues to advance at a swift pace, we all need to adapt to capitalize on its potential for driving growth, innovation, and efficiency. From embracing cloud computing and data analytics to implementing cybersecurity measures, the role of IT has expanded well beyond its traditional role of providing technical support to become an integral part of modern business strategy for every company.

In this blog post we’ll explore various IT roles and responsibilities and do our best to understand which IT functions organizations stand to benefit most from.

Core IT Functions in an Organization

1. Support & Technical Assistance

This is what practically anyone, regardless of technical knowledge, can tell you when asked “What does IT do?” Providing technical assistance remains a fundamental role of IT teams, encompassing a wide range of services. The IT staff are the real behind-the-scenes heroes that offer guidance, resolve technical glitches and plan out larger-scale tech transformations.

2. Data Management

Data management is another major aspect of IT roles and responsibilities, as it enables deriving actionable insights and making strategic decisions. IT teams are entrusted with organizing and safeguarding vast amounts of data, inventing storage solutions, and maintaining data integrity and security. Among these massive responsibilities is enabling seamless access to data for employees while safeguarding it against unauthorized access on the other side.

3. Infrastructure Management

At the core of every organization’s technological ecosystem lies its infrastructure, and crafting and maintaining this infrastructure is another example of IT tasks. IT professionals select and implement hardware and software components for optimizing network systems, laying the groundwork for seamless operations. IT department duties include assessing the needs of the organization, recommending technological enhancements, and working with management to devise budget plans that cover strategic objectives.

4. Communication and Collaboration

Communication and collaboration systems are the pillars of an organization’s success, and it is the task of IT teams to establish and maintain these systems. These tasks can include anything from setting up email clients to deploying video conferencing solutions or creating completely new internal communication tools

5. Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity stands as the wall between precious organizational assets and ever-evolving threats. One of the most important IT department functions is devising and implementing robust security measures, protecting networks, systems, and data from threats and breaches. They perform vulnerability assessments, deploy encryption protocols, and create disaster recovery plans to fortify organizations and provide a backup plan for potential undesired scenarios.

6. Process Improvement

All businesses should strive to improve, grow, and enhance their critical business functions. IT departments rely on their expertise to analyze and identify areas for improvement in organizations’ IT-related processes. By seizing opportunities to streamline workflows and leverage technology to the fullest, IT teams drive cost savings, enhance productivity, and contribute to the success and growth of the organization.

IT Roles in an Organization

Chief Technology Officer (CTO)

At the helm of the IT department structure sits the Chief Technology Officer (CTO), entrusted with shaping the organization’s overall IT strategy. Collaborating closely with senior executives, the CTO ensures that IT initiatives and general business objectives align. They control the allocation of resources, oversee budget, and push forward tech innovation within the company.

IT Manager

The IT Manager shoulders the day-to-day operations of the IT department, organizing team efforts and supervising the execution of IT projects. IT managers are the bridge between technical tasks and organizational goals.

Network Administrator

The network administrator serves as the guardian of the organization’s computer network by configuring, monitoring, and troubleshooting network components. Their domain encompasses routers and switches, hardware and software, all in the service of maintaining seamless connectivity and data flow across the entire organization.

System Administrator

Servers, databases, and operating systems are the responsibilities of a system administrator. They monitor and maintain system performance, security, and troubleshooting, ensuring a robust technological backbone for the organization.

Security Administrator

This role stands as the vanguard of cyber defense. Security administrator’s duties are fortifying the IT infrastructure against potential breaches and attacks. They perform risk assessment, intrusion detection, and incident response to safeguard the confidentiality, integrity and availability of critical data assets.

Application Developer

Bridging the gap between technology and tailored solutions, the application developer crafts application software that performs functions specific to a business. From conception to execution, they engineer efficient solutions that are both user-friendly and address the organization’s unique needs.

Database Administrator

The Database administrator orchestrates the secure, efficient operation of organization’s databases. They keep the organization’s digital treasure safe and, at the same time, provide valuable and reliable data insights useful for informed decision making.

Web Developer

The web developer crafts the digital face of the organization. Their task is designing and maintaining websites and web applications.  They keep an eye on user experience and its optimization but also deal with backend functionality, all the while keeping the organization’s online presence strong and likable.

Centralized vs Decentralized IT Structures

In organizational IT management, structures can be categorized as centralized or decentralized.

In a centralized structure, decisions over IT resources are made by a single entity or department. This setup promotes uniformity, streamlined processes and centralized oversight of IT initiatives.

A decentralized structure disperses decision-making authority and IT resources among various departments or business units. This approach is all about agility, customization, and departmental autonomy in addressing specific IT needs and priorities.

Centralized Structure Benefits and Drawbacks

Benefits

• Uniformity and consistency in IT operations
• Efficient resource allocation and budget management
• Centralized enforcement of security protocols

Drawbacks

• Potential bureaucratic delays and inefficient decision-making
• Could result in bottlenecks
• Potential limited adaptability to department-specific needs

Decentralized Structure Benefits and Drawbacks

Benefits

• Agility and responsiveness to departmental needs
• Encouraged innovation and customization to suit diverse requirements
• Greater power to departments to control their IT resources

Drawbacks

• Risk of duplication of efforts and inefficient resource utilization
• Challenges in maintaining consistency and standardized practices
• Complicated coordination

The Wrap Up

To conclude our discussion, it is clear that IT services cover several core business functions, such as technical support, data management, security, and more. In their efforts to maximize the benefit of data analytics and establish trustworthy cybersecurity measures, businesses must prioritize selecting the right partner.

Partnering with 2am ensures peace of mind, knowing you are in experienced hands. Our diverse range of IT services is always customized to suit your individual requirements. With a commitment to excellence, we recognize the uniqueness of each client’s needs, approaching every partnership with open eyes and a fresh perspective.

1. What is the function of IT in an organization?

The function of IT in an organization includes a wide range of roles and responsibilities, including technical support, data management, cybersecurity, infrastructure management, communication, collaboration, and process improvement.

2. What are the main types of business information systems?

The main types of business information systems include transaction processing systems (TPS), management information systems (MIS), decision support systems (DSS), executive support systems (ESS), and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.

3. What is the ideal IT team structure?

The ideal IT team typically consists of a Chief Technology Officer (CTO), IT Manager, Network Administrator, System Administrator, Security Administrator, Web Developer and Database Administrator.

4. How do you establish an effective IT department?

To establish an effective IT department, it’s essential to define clear goals and objectives that align with organizational strategy, recruit and train skilled professionals and implement robust IT infrastructure. It is also important to establish communication channels, prioritize cybersecurity measures, and continuously evaluate and improve IT processes.